Agriculture is now a comparatively small and decreasing part of India’s economy, accounting for just about 15 percent of the GDP. However, it is still the means of livelihood for 44 percent of our population. This mismatch between the two figures indicates high disguised unemployment, poor productivity and low incomes of those engaged in agriculture, with output per capita (of farmers) and per hectare both being dismally low. Migration from villages to urban areas will help only to a limited extent. The solution lies in big increases in agricultural productivity, and the creation of higher-income non-farm. . .